How probiotics colonize the intestines

Tens of billions of probiotic powders are released into the human gastrointestinal tract. In a warm and humid environment, probiotics can quickly wake up and multiply. Through continuous migration in the human gastrointestinal tract, some of the probiotics are colonized in the body and some are excreted. in vitro. After taking probiotics, the growth, reproduction, and colonization of harmful bacteria are inhibited.
Probiotics mainly colonize the intestine through three mechanisms:
The first type: is the competitive mechanism. Probiotics compete with harmful bacteria for colonization sites on the intestinal wall, competing for nutrients and thereby expelling harmful bacteria from the intestinal tract.
Second: produce lactic acid. Probiotics produce lactic acid substances, which can lower the pH of the intestinal cavity and create an acidic environment. However, pathogenic bacteria and coliforms that prefer an alkaline environment will be inhibited from growing in an acidic environment until they die. When people are stressed, the pH value in the intestines will increase. At this time, the gastrointestinal environment is more suitable for the growth of pathogenic bacteria. This is why people are more likely to get sick when they are tired.
The third type: enhances the body's immune function. The activity of macrophages is enhanced, and probiotics can produce certain biochemical signaling substances. After probiotics deliver this substance to macrophages, macrophages can identify the colonization sites of pathogenic bacteria and phagocytize them.