As a global health problem, allergic diseases will lead to huge medical expenses and productivity losses, reduce people's quality of life, and impose a serious economic burden on society. Food allergy is a type I hypersensitivity reaction, which is caused by protein antigens in various foods. Its main feature is an increase in IgE antibody levels, which can be life-threatening in severe cases.
Currently, common methods for treating allergies on the market mainly include anti-allergic drugs and anti-allergic probiotics. Generally speaking, anti-allergic drugs are mainly antihistamine drugs. Depending on the strength of the drug and the incidence of adverse reactions, it can also Divided into three generations. The first-generation drugs mainly include diphenhydramine, promethazine, chlorpheniramine, etc.; the second-generation drugs mainly include cetirizine, loratadine, ebastine, azelastine, etc.; the third-generation drugs There are fexofenadine, desloratadine, levocetirizine, etc. Antihistamines have immediate effects but also have many side effects, such as central depressant effects, anticholinergic effects, and risk of cardiotoxicity. Moreover, the above common drugs can only relieve and suppress allergic symptoms, but cannot regulate T cells from the root cause. Once the allergen is exposed again, it may relapse.
Studies have found that probiotics and their metabolites can stimulate dendritic cells and macrophages of the innate immune system, and can directly regulate the response of mast cells, participate in the innate immune response and adaptive immune response through Toll-like receptors, and regulate Th1/Th2 balance ultimately reduces allergic symptoms. A study compared the therapeutic effects of conventional anti-allergic drugs (control group) and conventional anti-allergic drugs + probiotic powder (observation group) on allergic reactions. The results showed that the adverse reactions of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, and the interferon-gamma levels of the observation group were lower than those of the control group. Higher, the probability of abdominal pain and distension, belching and acid regurgitation, nausea, and vomiting was lower, IgE immune function indicators and interleukins were also lower, and the DAI scale scores of stool characteristics and occult blood in the stool were also significantly lower than those of the control group. Therefore, the application effect of probiotics in regulating microbiota and treating allergies is significantly better than conventional allergy drugs, and combined treatment with compound probiotic powder has more promotion value.
references:
M.Eslami, A. Bahar, M. Keikhac, M. Karbalaei, N.M. Kobyliak, B. Yousefi, 2020. Probiotics function and modulation of the immune system in allergic diseases. Allergologia et Immunopathologia, 48(6):771-788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aller.2020.04.005.
Liu Yiren, Cheng Lei. Each generation of anti-allergic drugs has small shortcomings[J]. Construction Workers, 2023, 44(03): 59.
Wu Weiqian, Lu He, Guo Yanan, et al. Progress and prospects of probiotics in preventing and treating allergic diseases [J]. Chinese Journal of Microecology, 2020, 32(07): 862-865+869. DOI:10.13381/j.cnki.cjm .202007025.